Lays of Beleriand (History of Middle-Earth)
J.R.R. TOLKIEN, CHRISTOPHER TOLKIEN, The History of Middle-Earth, Vol III, The Lays of Beleriand (pp. 150-329: The Lay of Leithian and pp.330-363: The Lay of Leithian recommenced ).
BEWARE:
This review does not refer to the new “Beren and Lúthien ”
published in the Spring of 2017, which does not use the whole text of the original version of the Lay.
The story of the love of Lúthien and Beren is framed by a deep and subtle theoretical infrastructure, but - as it is appropriate for a fantasy story and for classical literature - such theoretical content emerges only in moments of absolute poetical genius, in verses that are eternal monuments of both beauty and thought, woven by pure bliss.
First let’s read three of these moments of Wonder, then we will comment on them:
p.277
(Beren talking about Lúthien):
“Though all to ruin fell the world,
and were dissolved and backward hurled
unmade into the old abyss,
yet were its making good, for this –
the dawn, the dusk, the earth, the sea –
that Lúthien on a time should be ! ”
p.172
(Thingol sees/meets Melian in the woods, as later Beren will meet Lúthien):
“But Thingol stayed, enchanted, still,
one moment to hearken to the thrill
of that sweet singing in the trees.
Enchanted moments such as these
from gardens of the Lord of Sleep,
where fountains play and shadows creep,
do come, and count as many years
in mortal lands.”
p.183
(Beren wakes up after the kiss, and after Lúthien has gone away - see also page 180):
“He lay upon the leafy mould,
his face upon earth’s bosom cold,
aswoon in overwhelming bliss,
enchanted of an elvish kiss,
seeing with his darkened eyes
the light that for no darkness dies,
the loveliness that does not fade,
though all in ashes cold be laid.”
Now let’s try to see the details of what Tolkien is saying:
“…yet were its making good, for this –
the dawn, the dusk, the earth, the sea –
that Lúthien on a time should be ! ”
The existence of the beloved is enough to make the whole finite world “good”, i.e. justified, and the very end of the finite world could not change this value established for eternity.
Love justifies the finite world and it establishes a value that is eternal and cannot be changed by the circumstances of the becoming, cannot be modified even by an Armageddon. And the concept is repeated here (and in the verses that precede this quotation, note the BLISS):
“…the light that for no darkness dies,
the loveliness that does not fade,
though all in ashes cold be laid ”
And Tolkien says that the irruption of Love is equally an AUGENBLICK (the blink of an eye, an ATTIMO, the KAIROS, καιρός , the right moment, the propitious moment, the fullness of time) in which time and eternity meet:
“…Enchanted moments such as these
…
do come, and count as many years
in mortal lands.”
Thus, all of these verses evoke a profound liberation:
- the becoming is free from meaninglessness, the Being of Love overwhelms any despair, the existence of the beloved justifies the world (“.. good, for this…that Lúthien on a time should be ! ”)
- time is bypassed by the Eternal (or perhaps, the Eternal shines through time itself), (“…moments… count as many years ”)
- the overwhelming bliss defeats death itself (“…the light that for no darkness dies…”)
Much later in Tolkien’s stories - in The Lord of the Rings - Arwen Undómiel, Evenstar, will renounce her safe way back to the Elven Islands and will choose instead to marry Aragorn, a mortal, and share his fate. Repeating Lúthien’s choice, she exemplifies the understanding of the difference between the very, very, long life of the Elves (who will last until the world will last), and the shining-through of the Eternal, the – mysterious, luminous - Eternal Now of the Augenblick of Love.
So, both in the verses quoted above and in the story of Arwen, Tolkien is saying that Love is an appearance of Meaning, a manifestation of the Eternal, as well as a trace of the “imperative of the Eternal”, the unquenchable search for Meaning by the human beings (see ALBERTO CARACCIOLO, Nulla religioso e imperativo dell'eterno. Studi di etica e di poetica ). And Tolkien is saying that Love is a form of the Sacred Vision (see all the quotations above and the meeting of Beren and Lúthien in both the Silmarillion and the Lay.).
Let’s ask ourselves, what would the story of Lúthien and Beren be, without the verses that we have quoted above ?
Without these revelations of the visionary Truth of Love, there would be no story of True Love, there would just be a “love-story” good enough for modern times’ orcs and modern lands of mordor…i.e., good enough for those who have forgotten Wonder and who have forgotten that the Highest, the Ypsistos, ύψιστος , is Beatitude, Bliss.
Tolkien instead is teaching us that True Love, the love that is capable of living in Wonder, of Wonder, from Wonder, is a door, a Way. To the Meaning, to the Eternal, to the Deathless. Here, now, in our lives.
Don’t we all know all of this, when we truly fall in love ?
But then we falter, we forget the true Wonder and the Bliss…and we forget that in the language of Truth the verb “to love” has no past tense, exactly like – in the language of Truth, we said - the verb “to be” has no past tense…
…and Tolkien’s verses are there to help us, forever to wake us up to the Dream that is more real than any “thing”…
Therefore, this version of the story of Lúthien and Beren [in J.R.R. TOLKIEN, CHRISTOPHER TOLKIEN, The History of Middle-Earth, Vol III, The Lays of Beleriand (pp. 150-329: The Lay of Leithian and pp.330-363: The Lay of Leithian recommenced ] is a classic, that will never stop talking to the lovers.
In memory of the Dream of June 16th, 2016
Thank you for your attention.
NOTE
If you are interested in the many themes evoked in this review, please see, here on Amazon.com, my reviews of
MARYLA FALK’s Nama-Rupa and Dharma-Rupa: Origins and Aspects of an Ancient Indian Conception
The Hevajra Tantra
STRATFORD CALDECOTT’s work about Tolkien’s works
https://www.amazon.com/Nama-Rupa-Dharma-Rupa-Origins-Aspects-Conception/dp/0895819783/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1496262526&sr=1-1&keywords=Maryla+falk
https://www.amazon.com/Concealed-Essence-Hevajra-Tantra-Yogaratnamala/dp/8120809114
https://www.amazon.com/Power-Ring-Spiritual-Vision-Behind/dp/082454983X/ref=sr_1_6?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1496262688&sr=1-6&keywords=Stratford+Caldecott